Tools

Tools are the most used items in a mechanical workshop. It has a wide variety of tool types according to their functions and specific machining.

Mechanical tools are usually kept on workbenches and well organized for activities of use, or however kept in their proper places.

The most common tools are:

• Burin: a steel cutting tool which is the essential tool of engraving
• Files: A file is a metalworking, woodworking and plastic working tool used to cut fine amounts of material from a workpiece.
• TAPS AND DIES  are cutting tools used to create screw threads, which is called threading. A tap is used to cut the female portion of the mating pair (e.g., a nut). A die is used to cut the male portion of the mating pair (e.g., a bolt). The process of cutting threads using a tap is called tapping, whereas the process using a die is called threading. Both tools can be used to clean up a thread, which is called chasing.
• DRILL BITS are cutting tools to make holes on metals, wood, cement, plastic and precision centering by a manual or electrical drills. Brill bits come  in various sizes for its specific use and material to be drilled.
• GUN DRILLS: Gun drills are straight fluted drills which allow cutting fluid (either compressed air or a suitable liquid) to be injected through the drill’s hollow body to the cutting face. They are used for deep drilling—a depth-to-diameter ratio of 300:1 or more is possible. Gun barrels are the obvious example; hence the name. Other uses include moldmaking, diemaking, and the manufacture of woodwind musical instruments, such as pipes, as gun drills can drill long straight holes in metal, wood, and some plastics. The coolant provides lubrication and cooling to the cutting edges and removes the swarf or chips from the hole. Modern gun drills use carbide tips to prolong life and reduce total cost when compared with metal tips. Speed of drilling depends on the material being drilled, rotational speed, and the drill diameter; a high speed drill can cut a hole in P20 steel at 30 inches per minute. Gun drilling can be done on several kinds of machine tools. On lathes, it is generally practical with hole depths of less than 50 diameters. There are also purpose-built gun drilling machines, where longer aspect ratios can be drilled.
• PUNCHES: Punching is a metal forming process that uses a punch press to force a tool, called a punch, through the workpiece to create a hole via shearing. Punches are used to drive objects, such as nails, or to form an impression of the tip on a workpiece.